Njira Zodzitetezera Zowonongeka kwa Citrus Orange Limon Acid Pambuyo Kutola (Njira Yosungira)

Zipatso za citrus zimaphatikizapo mandarins akhungu lalikulu, malalanje okoma, manyumwa, mandimu, kumquats ndi mitundu ina.Matenda ofala pambuyo pokolola zipatso za citrus ndi monga penicillium, nkhungu zobiriwira, zowola za asidi, zowola tsinde, zowola zofiirira, madontho amafuta, ndi zina zambiri. Pakati pawo, nkhungu zobiriwira ndi zowola za asidi ndi matenda omwe amabweretsa kuwonongeka kwakukulu pambuyo pokolola.Zoyambitsa mabakiteriya a fungal.

Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza mwachindunji njira zopewera zowola zowawa za malalanje a Navel.
Citrus sour rot ndi matenda oyamba ndi fungus omwe amayamba chifukwa cha Geotrichum candidum.Ngakhale kuti spores za mabakiteriya a pathogenic amamera ndikuchulukana mofulumira kutentha kwa firiji, m'dzinja ndi m'nyengo yozizira, pamene kutentha kuli kochepa, spores za mabakiteriya a pathogenic adzameranso ndikuchulukana, zomwe ziyenera kutsatiridwa.Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timene timawola timalowa m'mabala a zipatso za citrus, koma zosintha zina zimathanso kuloŵa zipatso zabwino.Anthu ena amatcha zowola zowawa kukhala “bomba la atomiki” la zipatso za citrus pambuyo pokolola, zomwe zimasonyeza kuti mphamvu zake zowononga ndi zamphamvu kwambiri.
(Mawonekedwe a navel orange wowawasa wowawasa, kufewetsa, madzi oyenda, poizoni pang'ono, wonunkha)

Ngakhale zowola zowawa za citrus ndizowopsa, molingana ndi njira zowongolera, kuchuluka kwa zowola kumatha kuyendetsedwa motsika kwambiri ngakhale osagwiritsa ntchito kusungirako kuzizira.Mfundo zotsatirazi ziyenera kutsatiridwa popewa zowola za postharvest acid za navel malalanje:
1. Dziwani nthawi yoyenera kukolola malalanje a navel, osati mochedwa kapena mochedwa.Malalanje a navel omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito posungira ayenera kukolola nthawi yake.Malalanje okhwima a navel amakhala ndi shuga wambiri, koma acidity otsika, osamva kukana, ndipo samva kusungidwa.
2. Osamathyola zipatso pakagwa mvula, kapena kuthyola ndi madzi.Kololani malalanje a Navel pamene nyengo ili bwino momwe mungathere, ndipo sikoyenera kukolola malalanje a navel pakakhala mame m'mawa ndi madzulo.Chifukwa spores za mabakiteriya a pathogenic ndi osavuta kumera m'malo achinyezi, ndipo epidermis ya navel lalanje imakhala yosavuta kutupa pambuyo poyamwa madzi, ma lenticules amakula, ndipo mabakiteriya oyambitsa matenda amatha kuukira, zomwe zimapereka mwayi wabwino kwa anthu. wowawasa zowola ndi wobiriwira nkhungu kuwukira.
3. Yang'anirani kwambiri kuwonongeka kwa makina panthawi yothyola zipatso ndi mayendedwe.Pogwiritsa ntchito kuthyola "chipatso chimodzi ndi lumo uwiri", akatswiri othyola zipatso adzakhala aluso kwambiri, musazule malalanje mumtengo mwamphamvu.Osaponya kapena kukhudza mwamphamvu ana paulendo.
4. Malalanje a mchombo achotsedwe ndi kusungidwa pakapita nthawi atakololedwa.Momwe ndingathere, iyenera kukonzedwa tsiku lomwelo lokolola.Ngati nthawi yachedwa kwambiri kuti ipangidwe tsiku lomwelo, iyenera kukonzedwa mwamsanga tsiku lotsatira.Pankhani ya ntchito yovuta yamanja, tikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito zida zamakina.Zipangizo zokonza pambuyo pokolola zomwe zimapangidwa ndi kupangidwa ndi Jiangxi Lumeng Company zili ndi njira yotseketsa madzi m'madzi komanso njira yosungira kutentha, yomwe ingasinthire kwambiri kuchuluka kwa ntchitoyo komanso kukhala ndi zotsatira zabwino zothana ndi dzimbiri komanso kusunga mwatsopano.
5. Gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala ophera fungal ndi mankhwala otetezera.Pakadali pano, zoteteza zokha zomwe zimakhala zokhazikika komanso zotetezeka kwambiri popewa ndikuwongolera zowola za citrus acid ndizothandizira mchere wapawiri, ndipo dzina lamalonda ndi Baikede.Zidzakhala bwino kugwiritsa ntchito Lumeng madzi kufalitsidwa mankhwala dongosolo ndi matenthedwe kuteteza dongosolo limodzi.
6. Zipatso zazikulu zimakhala ndi matenda ndipo sizingasungidwe.Malalanje a Navel amachotsedwa ndikusungidwa pakapita nthawi kukolola.Pambuyo pamagulu, zipatso zomwe zili pamwamba pa 85 kapena 90 (muyezo wosankhika ndi kulemera kwake uli pansi pa 15) sizigonjetsedwa ndi kusungidwa.Zipatso zazikulu zimakhala zosavuta kuvulazidwa ndi matenda panthawi yokolola ndi zoyendetsa, komanso zimakhala zowuma panthawi yosungira.
7. Pambuyo pozizira pang'ono, sungani chipatso chimodzi mu thumba mu nthawi.Kuziziritsa kusanachitike kuyenera kuchitidwa pamalo aukhondo, ozizira komanso mpweya wabwino.Khungu la chipatso limamveka lofewa pang'ono.Gwiritsani ntchito matumba osungira zipatso, musasiye mpweya m'thumba mukamanyamula, ndipo sungani kukamwa kwa thumba.
8. Navel lalanje yosungirako kasamalidwe.Nyumba yosungiramo katunduyo iyenera kukhala ndi mpweya wabwino komanso ukhondo wopanda zinyalala.Pali mipata pakati pa mabokosi osungiramo mpweya wabwino.Samalani ndi kasamalidwe ka kutentha ndi chinyezi cha nyumba yosungiramo katundu kuti mupewe vuto la kupuma kwa navel lalanje, lomwe limakonda kutaya madzi m'thupi kapena matenda pambuyo pake.
(Payenera kukhala kusiyana pakati pa mabokosi osungira) (kuwunika kutentha ndi chinyezi)
9. Kusankha njira yoyendetsera zinthu
Sankhani galimoto yafriji yokhala ndi kutentha kosasintha.Ngati mulibe zinthu, muyenera kusankha kalavani mpweya wokwanira.Kugwiritsa ntchito semi-trailer yotsekedwa kwathunthu ndikowopsa.Pamayendedwe wamba amagalimoto, muyenera kulabadira mpweya wabwino ndi kuziziritsa, apo ayi kutentha kwakukulu ndi chinyezi chambiri kumapangika pakati pa katundu (chifukwa cha kutulutsidwa kwa C02 ndi H20 kuchokera ku mpweya wa malalanje a Navel).heat) ndikosavuta kuyambitsa kuvunda kwa asidi, komwe kumakhala kofala kwambiri munthawi yeniyeni.